{"id":477,"date":"2019-09-17T19:55:17","date_gmt":"2019-09-17T17:55:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/?page_id=477"},"modified":"2019-09-17T19:55:18","modified_gmt":"2019-09-17T17:55:18","slug":"clark-hull","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/?page_id=477","title":{"rendered":"Clark Hull"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-478 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Clark-Hull-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"235\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Clark-Hull-235x300.jpg 235w, https:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Clark-Hull.jpg 516w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 235px) 100vw, 235px\" \/>Clark Leonard Hull (1884-1952), est un psychologue behavioriste am\u00e9ricain.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Professeur en facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine, il lance en 1933\u00a0 le premier programme de recherche \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019hypnose. Il d\u00e9fendait l\u2019id\u00e9e, qui se v\u00e9rifiera, que l\u2019\u00e9tat hypnotique est une activit\u00e9 mentale normale.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Clark Hull est avant tout connu pour l&rsquo;introduction de la notion de pulsion dans sa th\u00e9orie de\u00a0 l&rsquo;apprentissage.\u00a0 D\u00e8s\u00a0 1930, il\u00a0 se\u00a0 rapproche\u00a0 de\u00a0 la\u00a0 loi\u00a0 id\u00e9o-dynamique\u00a0 de\u00a0 Bernheim\u00a0 (\u00e9cole\u00a0 de\u00a0 Nancy),\u00a0 selon\u00a0 laquelle\u00a0 dans\u00a0 certaines\u00a0 conditions,\u00a0 l\u2019id\u00e9e\u00a0 peut\u00a0 se\u00a0 transformer en mouvement ou en acte. Dans ses exp\u00e9rimentations de type b\u00e9havioriste\u00a0 (stimulus-r\u00e9ponse),\u00a0 Hull\u00a0 introduit\u00a0 des\u00a0 groupes-contr\u00f4les compos\u00e9s\u00a0 de\u00a0 sujets\u00a0 non\u00a0 hypnotis\u00e9s.\u00a0 Seront\u00a0 ainsi\u00a0 explor\u00e9s\u00a0 diff\u00e9rents\u00a0 aspects\u00a0 de\u00a0 l\u2019hypnose\u00a0 consid\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00a0 comme\u00a0 sp\u00e9cifique :\u00a0 renforcement\u00a0 des\u00a0 performances\u00a0 musculaires,\u00a0 amn\u00e9sie,\u00a0 etc.\u00a0 Il\u00a0 conclura\u00a0 que\u00a0 les\u00a0 ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes\u00a0 consid\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00a0 comme\u00a0 sp\u00e9cifiques\u00a0 de\u00a0 l\u2019hypnose\u00a0 doivent\u00a0 \u00eatre\u00a0 rejet\u00e9s\u00a0 du\u00a0 c\u00f4t\u00e9\u00a0 de\u00a0 la\u00a0 suggestibilit\u00e9,\u00a0 car\u00a0 ils\u00a0 sont\u00a0 observables\u00a0 \u00e9galement\u00a0 en\u00a0 r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la suggestion en \u00e9tat de veille. Selon Hull, si l\u2019hypnose n\u2019am\u00e9liore pas les capacit\u00e9s humaines, elle permet d\u2019influencer les performances (r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la fatigue, acc\u00e8s aux souvenirs, seuils sensoriels, anesth\u00e9sie et analg\u00e9sie, amn\u00e9sie posthypnotique,\u2026).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Clark Hull est connu pour avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 le Professeur de Milton \u00c9rickson. Mais ils prendront rapidement des chemins th\u00e9oriques et pratiques contraires, Hull, s\u2019int\u00e9ressant \u00e0 la suggestibilit\u00e9, pense que c\u2019est l\u2019op\u00e9rateur qui est le plus important dans le syst\u00e8me, alors que, pour Erickson, c\u2019est le sujet qui est l\u2019acteur de sa propre gu\u00e9rison.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Clark Leonard Hull (1884-1952), est un psychologue behavioriste am\u00e9ricain. Professeur en facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine, il lance en 1933\u00a0 le premier programme de recherche \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019hypnose. Il d\u00e9fendait l\u2019id\u00e9e, qui se v\u00e9rifiera, que l\u2019\u00e9tat hypnotique est une activit\u00e9 mentale normale. Clark Hull est avant tout connu pour l&rsquo;introduction de la notion de &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/?page_id=477\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer la lecture<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> de &laquo;&nbsp;Clark Hull&nbsp;&raquo;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/477","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=477"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/477\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":479,"href":"https:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/477\/revisions\/479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.psy-sarthe.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=477"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}